When a consumer purchases a commodity, the expenditure may or may not be accompanied by grudging. The purpose of this survey was to evaluate the difference of “the psychology of spending” by using the three scales of: (1) psychological grudging accompanying expenditure, (2) necessity of the commodity, and (3) popularity of the commodity. Two hundred and seventeen housewives were asked to evaluate 50 commodities by the three scales on six levels, Factor analysis of ratings were carried out for each scale. The seven common “psychologies of spending”-so called “psychological moneybags”-among three scales were found. These were (1) daily necessities, (2) a small luxury, (3) culture and education, (4) personal fortune, (5) security, (6) feminine articles, and (7) eating out.

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公立小学校の2年生228名を対象に実施した「死についてのアンケート」の調査結果の分析とそれを基に,死に関する授業の学習プログラムの開発を行った。その後,2年生1クラス34名を対象に「自分と家族について考える生と死の学習」を4時間計画で実施し,介入研究を行った。1時間目に使用した学習教材2「○○さんにおくるラブレター2」では,20名の児童がうれしい気持ちをクラスメートに伝えたいと答えている。2時間目は事前調査で,児童がまわりにいる人を亡くしたときの気持ちを書いた18名の文章をオリジナル教材として「大好きな人が,死んでしまったら」という題材名で使用した。その結果,授業後に家族が死ぬことを意識する児童が7名から12名へと増えたことが認められた。また,授業の振り返りでは心に残った学習教材として,「大好きな人が,死んでしまったら」を7名の児童が挙げていた。悲嘆教育として使用したこの学習教材によって,クラスの友だちが身近な人を亡くした悲しみやくやしさを共有することができたのではないかと推察する。

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The 2021 edition of the Whit e Paper on Science, Technology and Innovation describes a scenario for the realization of Society 5.0, a future society that is safe and secure and that makes the diverse happiness (well-being) of each individual happen. This issue introduces the key to this scenario, ''convergence of knowledge'' and the science and technology that forms its basis. ''White Paper on Science, Technology and Innovation'' is a Door to the Future- What Kind of Convergence of Knowledge is Required in Today's Society? MEXT's 2021 White Paper is a Door to the Future: Achieving ''Diverse Happiness for Everyone'' through ''Convergence of Knowledge'' What is the Internet of Things(IoT) that Supports the Realization of Society 5.0? Bringing about a Decarbonized Society with New Technologies Autonomy is the Key to Seizing Opportunities What is Value Co-creation for Well-being?

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The purpose of this report is to explain how the course has been designed and conducted with the main materials of movies, songs, and TV drama series in the English class for the fourth-year students of National College of Technology, Kumamoto College, Yatsushiro Campus for six years. The main aims of this course are to improve English skills through understanding and reading aloud the materials such as essays on movies, dictating the lyrics of songs, brief scenes from movies and dramas, to improve TOEIC score, and to build vocabularies. Movies, dramas, and songs are effective media that allow students to engage both in learning everyday English and TOEIC test. Considering how the students of National College of Technology are expected to attain in English and communication field in their careers, the author is encouraging students to broaden their cultural viewpoints that lead to lifelong interests and learning.

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