Chia-p'i-kou= chin-ch'ang, within the jurisdiction of Pref. Hua-tien-hsien, has been well known from of old as the most celebrated mountain gold mine in the whole Manchuria, and is situated in the upper reaches of Wei-sha-ho, being a right tributary of the eastern upper reaches of Sungari (Sun-hua-chiang). According to the old chronicles, the exploratory work of its mine gold was continued during the period of 68 years from the 25th year of Tao-kuang (1845 A.D.) up to the first year of Min-kuo (1912 A.D.). When the mine was very prosperous for a while in the middle age of rung-chih (18664870), then forty thousand and odd of diggers swarmed about the gold diggings, and the production of gold was daily about 20 kg.(500-odd hang) and monthly about 600 kg.
In the Chia-p'i-kou and its environs extending over the catchment are of the Wei-sha-ho, moreover gold placers were operated from the beginning of Tao-kuang (1821-1830) and their virgin fields in general vanished unfortunately in the 25th year of Kuan-hsü(1899).
Subsequently year after year, the rejected ores and sand of mine gold and placers were even so often disposed of by the primitive methods, and the precious natural products were scrupulous collected, After the trifling operations, there was nothing remained but to see the old workings, at long last, in the 8th year of Min-kuo (1919).
This vast region of Pref. Hua-tien-hsien with its centre located at Chia-p'i-kou, was once possibly the richest gold field by referring to the yield number and areas of the gold placers, and from old times up to late years (1854-1931) the border-land has been perfectly occupied for four generations in succession by the powerful family “Lao-han-chia”, which, from father to son, reigned over his own territory and peoples for 78 years, and devoted entirely to the gold mining industry. This absolute monarchy is called “Han-wang-kuo”, and its territory is well known as “Han-pien-wai”. The gold undertaking, even if continue, is positively promising. But we are futly aware that the greater part of Han-pien-wai is still remained to be untouched as “a terra incognita”. Judging from our present knowledge of Han-pien-wai, it seems to be foreseen that many new discoveries of mine gold will be forthcoming in the untouched areas, which will be provided with lead-silver ores, iron ores, cupper ores, good coal etc. as the accessory mining resourses.
The present paper involves such contents as:-historical sketch, mine gold deposits of Han-pien-wai, and some consideration in regard to its future developments.

抄録全体を表示

Starting from their early years, many persons dream of being able to chat with their favorite anime characters. To make such a dream possible, we propose an efficient method for constructing a system that enables users to text chat with existing anime characters. We tackled two research problems to generate verbal and nonverbal behaviors for a text-chat agent system utilizing an existing character. A major issue in creating verbal behavior is generating utterance text that reflects the personality of existing characters in response to any user questions. To cope with this problem we propose use of role play-based question-answering to efficiently collect high-quality paired data of user questions and system answers reflecting the personality of an anime character. We also propose a new utterance generation method that uses a neural translation model with the collected data. Rich and natural expressions of nonverbal behavior greatly enhance the appeal of agent systems. However, not all existing anime characters move as naturally and as diversely as humans. Therefore, we propose a method that can automatically generate whole-body motion from spoken text in order to give the anime characters natural, human-like movements. In addition to these movements, we try to add a small amount of characteristic movement on a rule basis to reflect personality. We created a text-dialogue agent system of a popular existing anime character using our proposed generation methods. As a result of a subjective evaluation of the implemented system, our methods for generating verbal and nonverbal behavior improved the impression of the agent's responsiveness and reflected the personality of the character. Since generating characteristic motions with a small amount of characteristic movement on the basis of heuristic rules was not effective, our proposed motion generation method which can generate the average motion of many people, is useful for generating motion for existing anime characters. Therefore, our proposed methods for generating verbal and nonverbal behaviors and the system-construction method are likely to prove a powerful tool for achieving text-dialogue agent systems for existing characters.

抄録全体を表示

46歳の女性で胆石症にて胆嚢摘出術を施行した際に胆嚢外壁前面に1.5×1.0cmの異所性肝臓(副肝)を認めた.
組織学的には肝小葉の構造は正常のグリソン鞘と中心静脈との関係を示さぬ部分が多くグリソン鞘には門脈,動脈,および胆管を認めたが,中には不完全なグリソン鞘も多数認められた.胆嚢壁に近い部分には比較的大きな胆管,動脈,および静脈を認めたが,動脈,門脈の由来および中心静脈の流入先は明確ではなかった.小葉中心部に胆汁うっ滞の像が認められたのは,胆汁の排泄の障害を思わせる所見であろう.

抄録全体を表示

Tumor tissues obtained from two patients with growth hormone-producing pituitary adenomas were cultured and treated with bromocriptine, then examined for morphological changes. Untreated tumor cells (controls) were morphologically well preserved and in terms of growth hormone secretion. Tumor cells exposed to bromocriptine for 7 days contained many vacuoles, which, after 14 days of exposure, grew larger and more numerous. These vacuoles appeared to be extensions of endoplasmic reticulum: some were connected to rough or smooth endoplasmic reticulum or, occasionally, to Golgi apparatus, and there were ribosomes on their surfaces. Bromocriptine apparently has cytocidal effects on growth hormone-producing pituitary adenoma in vitro.

抄録全体を表示

Two endocrine functions, HGH synthesis and release, were separately studied on human chromophobe adenomas, isolating the hormone with polyacrylamide gel disc electrophoresis after in vitro labelling of the hormone with ¹⁴C-leucine. The results of the experiments utilizing fresh adenoma tissues obtained from 8 cases at operation revealed that all of the adenomas synthesized and released HGH. Employing appropriate parameters, HGH synthesis and release functions of the tumor were estimated. HGH synthesis function was likely to be extremely low, but the release function rather high. HGH content in the adenoma tissues ranged from 0.04 to 2.56 ng/mg wet tissue, which was exceedingly smaller than the value of 8000 ng/mg wet tissue observed with the human anterior pituitary obtained at autopsy.

抄録全体を表示

In recent years morphological study of pituitary adenomas has remarkably proceeded by the development of electron microscopic technic. Besides, a great amount of studies on pituitary hormones have been presented in the field of endocrinology. But there are still many unsolved problems on the correlation between morphological property and hormone secretion of each pituitary adenoma cell and there is much confusion in existence of secretory granules and endocrinological activity of chromophobe adenomas. In order to make clear the relationship between cell types and the functions of pituitary adenoma cells, the author investigated the hormone producing activity of them by means of cell culture with major emphasis on the chromophobe adenomas.

抄録全体を表示

Three children with glioblastoma multiforme of the brain stem were autopsied and all were found to have spinal subarachnoid seeding. The clinical courses of these patients were all rapid. Brain stem gliomas are rarely reported to seed along the spinal subarachnoid spaces, but the incidence of spinal subarachnoid seeding may actually be somewhat higher than is generally accepted. In the treatment of rapidly progressing brain stem gliomas, consideration should be given to possibly accompanying subarachnoid seeding.

抄録全体を表示

Control of cryptosporidiosis is important in public health. Rivers that are polluted with Cryptosporidium and drinking water that is treated for drinking water production from polluted rivers could result in the waterborne disease of cryptosporidiosis. We carried out an epidemiological study of natural water supplies in Hokkaido, one of the largest dairy prefectures in Japan. To detect Cryptosporidium oocysts in environmental water, the filtration method was used for 28 samples, which were collected from 10 rivers. A method adapted from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) filtration method using a cartridge filter has been used for the collection of samples. Oocysts were separated from a pellet by discontinuous sucrose gradient method. Twelve samples were collected from 10 rivers and parasites were purified by iron (III) flocculation method. Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts were identified with the immunofluorescence antibody technique using DIF kit (Cellabs Pty. Ltd., Sydney/Australia). We detected Cryptosporidium oocysts in 6 out of 10 rivers sampled. Fifty percentage (14/28) of the samples were Cryptosporidium-positive. The average number of Cryptosporidium oocysts was 16.73/100 L (max. 80 /100 L).

抄録全体を表示

Familial glucocorticoid deficiency (FGD) is characterized clinically by severe glucocorticoid deficiency associated with failure of adrenal responsiveness to ACTH but not with mineralcorticoid deficiency. Excessive growth was described previously in some patients with FGD, many of whom were shown to have mutations in the ACTH receptor gene. The mechanisms responsible for their excessive growth are unknown. We analyzed the ACTH receptor gene in three patients with FGD and discussed the causes of excessive growth in FGD. No mutations were detected in the coding and promoter regions of the ACTH receptor gene of one female patient who had tall stature (+ 2.41S.D.) and advanced bone age (10 years 9 months) when she was 4 years 9 months old. Her plasma ACTH level had been elevated until then (124-2,684 pg/ml). Moreover, plasma estradiol was elevated for her age (21.3 pg/ml), and it decreased in response to the dexamethasone suppression test (from 25.4 to 6.9 pg/ml). Elevated plasma estradiol was apparently related to the increase in plasma ACTH and played a major role in excessive growth in this patient. On the other hand, the genetic analysis showed that the other two patients who were siblings were homozygous for the R137W mutation. Clinically, they responded well to hydrocortisone replacement therapy with almost normal plasma ACTH levels. Although all patients with the R137W mutation reported previously were tall, our patients were of normal height. We speculate that the major causes of excessive growth in FGD are not only from ACTH receptor mutation, but also from the action of elevated plasma ACTH.

抄録全体を表示

Tissue culture of 20 pituitary adenomas (four acromegalies, 15 non-functioning tumors, one Forbes-Albright syndrome) was performed with the Maxmow double cover glass assembly. Growth hormone and prolactin in the medium were measured during the culture. Morphological feature in vitro was also compared with that of the original tumor.
In chromophobe adenomas of clinically non-functioning, tumor cells had round secretory granules of not only 100, but also 300 mμ in diameter. The study of their tissue culture revealed that these tumor cells were secreting growth hormone in all the cases.
In acromegalic patients, the culture medium a month later still contained more than 1000 ng/ml of growth hormone and also many secretory granules remained in the cultured cells. Thus, it was suspected that the tumor cells in acromegalic patients had autonomous secretory functions of growth hormone.
In pituitary adenomas of Forbes-Albright syndrome and even non-functioning or acromegaly, prolactin secretion from tumor cells was demonstrated. Ovoid, ellipsoid, or irregular secretory granules of 500 to 1000 mμ in acromegalic patients and 150 to 500 mμ in the other cases were observed with an electron microscope.

抄録全体を表示

Superficial siderosis is a rare condition caused by hemosiderin deposits in the central nervous system (CNS) due to prolonged or recurrent low-grade bleeding into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). CNS tumor could be one of the sources of bleeding, both pre- and postoperatively. We report an extremely rare case of superficial siderosis associated with purely third ventricle craniopharyngioma, and review previously reported cases of superficial siderosis associated with CNS tumor. A 69-year-old man presented with headache, unsteady gait, blurred vision, and progressive hearing loss. Brain magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with gadolinium revealed a well enhanced, intraventricular mass in the anterior part of the third ventricle. T₂*-weighted gradient echo (GE) MR imaging revealed a hypointense rim around the brain particularly marked within the depth of the sulci. Superficial siderosis was diagnosed based on these findings. The tumor was diffusely hypointense on T₂*-weighted GE imaging, indicating intratumoral hemorrhage. The lateral ventricles were dilated, suggesting hydrocephalus. [¹⁸F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography revealed increased uptake in the tumor. The whole brain surface appeared dark ocher at surgery. Histological examination showed the hemorrhagic tumor was papillary craniopharyngioma. His hearing loss progressed after removal of the tumor. T₂*-weighted GE MR imaging demonstrated not only superficial siderosis but also diffuse intratumoral hemorrhage in the tumor. Superficial siderosis and its related symptoms, including hearing loss, should be considered in patients with hemorrhagic tumor related to the CSF space. Purely third ventricle craniopharyngioma rarely has hemorrhagic character, which could cause superficial siderosis and progressive hearing loss.

抄録全体を表示

Normalen Kaninchen und solchen, bei denen das Parenchym der Leber geschädigt oder das E. R. S. blockiert war, wurden nach Darreichung grosser Dosen Insulin der Leber zu- and aus ihr abfliessendes Blut entnomxnen and 2 anderen Empfänger-Kaninchen getrennt intravenös injiziert, um den Ein-fluss beider Blutarten auf den Blutzucker- und Blutmilchsäurespiegel zu untersuchen. Aus den Versuchsergebnissen gehen fogende Schlüisse hervor:
1. Bei Passage durch die normale Leber wird die Hypoglykämie- und Hypolactacidämie-erzeugende Wirkung des Insulins sehr stark abgeschwächt.
2. Bei Schädigung der Leberparenchymzellen oder bei Blockierung des R. E. S. in der Leber wird die Insulinwirkung durch Leberpassage nicht abgeschwächt.
Was nun die Bedeutung oben erhobener Tatsachen anbelangt, so ist es selbstverständlich dem Organismus schädlich, wenn durch Insulinverabreichung unnötige Veränderungen des Blutkohlehydrates, hervorgerufen wird; darum bestrebt sich die normale Leber, diese unnötige Insulinwirkung abzuschwächen und damit den Kohlehydratumsatz in Ordnung zu halten. Bei Schädigung der Leberparenchymzellen oder Blockierung des R. E. S..verliert die Leber diese Fähigkeit. Diese Tatsache muss auch bei klinischer Anwendung des Insulins berücksichtigt werden.

抄録全体を表示