イントネーションの文体的機能の一つに「あおりの文体的機能」が存在する。あおりの場面は通常の会話と異なり、大勢の人の反応をうかがいながら話す。本研究では、これを音声学的文体論の立場から「あおり音調」と命名し、ライブMC のあおりを分析した。あおりの特徴である音調を含むプロミネンスや発話速度等の相関性を検証し、ライブMC におけるイントネーションの文体的機能についての解明を試みた。本研究で得られた結論は次の通りである。上昇音調を用いることは多いが、あおりの要因の一つに過ぎず、発話の内容次第では下降のあおりも可能である。プロミネンスだけではなく、マイクを通さない「生の声」という強調がされることがある。また、それぞれの特徴が相互に現れることで、あおりは現れる。

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Diversification of consumer needs and digitization change the music industry more competitive. Record labels must raise the hit probability in the music marketing. However, most of music marketing researches are qualitative. In this paper, the hit factors of J-POP music are analyzed with Kansei information processing. Concretely, 25 J-POP music songs of the Oricon yearbook 2007 are analyzed by the semantic differential method and factor analysis. Moreover, Kansei J-POP hit factor analysis is evaluated by interview surveys of two business persons in music industry.

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Motivation for learning a second language varies among individuals: some people enjoy the process of learning languages, while others learn a second language for practical reasons. Previous fieldwork research in Thailand has shown that many consumers of Japanese cultural products are also learners of the Japanese language. This suggests that Japanese cultural products motivate consumers to start studying Japanese and to continue learning it. In this study, two hypotheses will be posed inorder to reveal the relationship between the consumption of Japanese cultural products and Japanese language learning: (1) exposure to Japanese cultural products induces Japanese language learning, and (2) Japanese language learning induces the consumption of other Japanese cultural products. Through questionnaire research conducted on university students in Thailand and through ethnographic data, this study attempts to examine the hypotheses and to demonstrate a continuous cycle model of Japanese language learning and the consumption of Japanese cultural products.

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音楽市場における消費者ニーズの多様化とデジタル化の進展に伴い、ヒットの確率をあげる音楽マーケティングが求められている。しかし、既存の音楽ビジネスや楽曲そのものに関する研究は定性的なものが中心で、定量的な研究はあまり多くはない。本研究は、J-POP楽曲のヒット要因について感性情報処理による分析を試みる。具体的には、オリコン年鑑2007の邦楽売上ランキングにおける上位1位から1,000位までの楽曲について、楽曲のヒット要因と思われる感性ワードの形容詞対によるSD法に則った質問紙調査を行い、因子分析によるヒット曲の感性要因抽出を試みる。また、2人の実務家へのインタビュー調査を通じ、実務への活用の可能性について検証する。

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周知のように，日本語と中国語の中に同形漢語が数多く存在している。しかし，同形漢語と言っても，必ずしも意味が同じとは限らない。しかも，日中両語に文法的ズレもあると考えられる。中国語母語話者が日本語を学習する際，母語がプラスの働き（正の転移）をすれば，学習を促進することができる。本研究は語構成という視点から，AV型のサ変動詞とそれに対応する中国語の動詞と対照し，日本語であるときの自他性と中国語であるときの自他性がどのような異同を持っているかについて明らかにする。そこで得られた結果は今後の中国語母語話者の日本語学習に役に立つことを期待する。

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In the previous papers of this Journal no. 22(March 2014), no.31(March 2018), and no.41(March 2021), the author discussed the development of bilateral relations between Japan and Vietnam from 2002 to 2013, from 2014 to 2015, and from 2016 to 2017 respectively.

Following them, the First Section of this paper describes the major events in 2018, including President Tran Dai Quang’s state visit to Japan as well as various events commemorating the 45^th anniversary of diplomatic relations between the two countries. In the Second Section, the author describes the major events in 2019, including PM Nguyen Xuan Phuc’s visit to Japan to attend the G20 Osaka Summit. In the Third Section, the author describes various contacts between the two nations during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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The Olympic theme songs (TOTS) play an essential role in providing dramatic effects for TV programs, as well as a legacy transmission to hand on to the new generation the excitement that sweeps through the nation during the worlds’greatest sports event. We investigated the origin of the Japanese Olympic theme music. In our study, three official theme musical compositions and the Olympic theme music employed by the Olympic broadcasters during the three Olympics held in Japan (Tokyo, Sapporo, Nagano) were included. We reviewed papers regarding the theme music for the Olympics and interviewed the composers of the official Olympic theme songs and the program producers of Olympic broadcasting channels. We found several common points between each TOTS. Firstly, all of the official theme songs were released more than a half a year before the Olympics opening ceremony. Furthermore, these songs were broadcast on the music programs of the Japanese national broadcasting station (NHK) of the games, such as “Minna no Uta (English title : Songs for Everyone)” and “NHK Kōhaku Uta Gassen (English title : NHK Red and White Song Battle)”. Additionally, during these times the composition competitions of the theme compositions were held, and multiple artists participated in this competition and covered the theme compositions. On the other hand, TOTS of the news broadcasting was first introduced in 1988. In a quarter of the cases, the implementation of TOTS was linked to the employment of news casters, as they employed publicly well-known and experienced celebrities as both casters and performers of TOTS. It has been speculated that, since the private news broadcasters have fewer slots available to cover Olympic games compared to NHK, this was a measure taken to enhance the opportunity for TV appearances by engaging theme songs with Olympic coverage.

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It is very important to be able to estimate the critical wind speed of overturning precisely, because railway vehicles are becoming lighter and increasing running speed, which lead to conditions disadvantageous to prevention of railway accidents involving overturning of the vehicle by strong crosswind. Therefore, evaluation of the critical wind speed with consideration on the effect of dynamic behavior of the vehicle is required, that is, the difference between the static analysis and the dynamic analysis is needed to be clarified quantitatively. Thus, in order to analyze the dynamic behavior of the vehicle subjected to crosswind, we constructed a dynamic analysis model which was developed based on the static analysis model, and examined the effect of the frequency of the crosswind on the dynamic behavior of the vehicle. Further, in order to verify the validity of the dynamic simulation program prepared by using the dynamic analysis model, we conducted a full scale experiment applying lateral force to the vehicle dynamically. As a result, it has been verified that the dynamic simulation program is valid for evaluating the wheel load variation of the vehicle which is subjected to crosswind. Consequently, the effect of the frequency of crosswind on the bahavior of the vehicle has been clarified, the critical wind speed of overturning has been evaluated more precisely, and also the difference between the static analysis and the dynamic analysis has been evaluated quantitatively.

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　既存の技術革新研究では，技術転換期に既存企業が競争地位を落とす理由として，新規技術への移行に遅れることが指摘されており，新規技術への迅速な移行をいかに果たすかという問題が重要視されてきた．これに対し，本稿では，新規技術への迅速な移行は既存企業に必ずしも望ましい結果をもたらすわけではなく，むしろ競争地位の低下・喪失につながる場合があることを指摘する．

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VTS (vessel traffic services) system is a countermeasure to solve delay due to congestion and to decrease losses due to traffic accidents. Survey on VTSs in the world started in the Electronic Research institute (ENRI) in 1977 and 3 reports have been published based on answers to questionnaires in 3 consecutive surveys. This report presents the results from the 4th survey on VTSs.

Two inquiry formats are prepared in the 4th survey; FORMAT A (abbreviated format) and FORMAT B (with detailed information). The answers to FORMAT A and B yield List A and B respectively. These lists are given in APPENDIX 1.2 and 1.3 where List A involves some data of previous surveys which are not updated. List C is a short list of VTSs grouped in 5 types of VTS area, i.e., sea VTS, route VTS, integrated VTS, terminal VTS and protection VTS.

The results are analyzed mainly with respect to the type of VTS area, type of authority, type of management, size of VTS area, cost to establish, number of staffs, number of surveillance radars and other equipments. Most of these variables are either countable or measurable. Frequency distributions of VTSs distribute in wide ranges of such variables. Therefore, logarithmic scales and cumulative relative frequency (CRF) distributions are employed to analyze the results.

Various tables thus obtained would, the authors hope, give considerably fair perspectives on the VTSs in the world at present. Comparison of the result of survey with those of previous surveys might indicate direction of the evolution.

Appendix includes lists of VTSs as the direct result of the survey, and guide specifications for VTS design based on the study in the VTS Laboratory of ENRI.

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