Abstract
Bokeh, an imaging technique known for its intentional focus shift, is widely used in photography and videography
to direct viewers’ attention. While effective in two-dimensional mediums like photos and displays, adapting bokeh
to three-dimensional real-space formats, such as sculptures and dioramas, presents unique challenges. This study
explores the development and application of a pseudo-bokeh effects method for real-space environments, aiming to
replicate the blur and depth effects typically observed in two-dimensional bokeh. This paper details experiments
assessing the effectiveness of the proposed device in generating a bokeh effect in real space. The results indicate a
correlation between the measured bokeh values and users’ subjective evaluations, and demonstrate that the bokeh
effect remains consistent across different waveforms.
