環境インフラ構築プロジェクトの技術的および社会的評価 : パキスタン国Kasur Tanneries Pollution Control Project (KTPCP)の事例について

抄録

This paper aims to discuss the technical and social aspects of an environmental infrastructure project in Pakistan, known as Kasur Tanneries Pollution Control Project (KTPCP), which has been recently completed in Kasur city by the Government of Pakistan and United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) by utilizing a huge amount of US $ 10.147 million. Kasur is one of the most polluted cities of Pakistan in terms of hazardous industrial waste discharged from leather tanning industry. In Kasur, more than 50,000 people are victims of diseases associated with this industrial pollution and entire population of city is forced to drink polluted groundwater, which has high concentration of chromium, sulphates and other toxic chemicals. Unfortunately, this project proved technically insufficient to achieve National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) at the first year of its operation with its optimal efficiency. The case of KTPCP also demonstrates that if the basic needs of local communities are not considered while formulation the environmental infrastructure projects, the global agenda of local actions for sustainable development cannot be implemented successfully.