The Japanese Government-control Yawata Iron Works started the operation in 1901. The factory which the U.K. and American company designed was built after the German engineers who had taught Japanese how to build the factory went back to their own country in 1904. Furthermore, in 1909, the factory which ranges from the design to the building was built by a Japanese engineers. The designer was an engineer of The Japanese Government-control Yawata Iron Works named “Hitoshi KAGEYAMA.”. The name of the first factory built by Japanese engineers was “Rool-senban factory”, which was the first domestic production. We discuss the background and architectural characteristics of the steel structure that the first domestic factory was built.