2011 年 76 巻 659 号 p. 117-122
Cingapura Project is an example of the Brazilian attempt to solve the problem of favelas, or slums, in São Paulo city that did not succeed. Cingapura Project's effort focused on satisfying the most urgent needs of the low socio-economic population without regard for the non-physical aspects of favelas. The open spaces of Cingapura Project's developments do not allow for the development of healthy and sociable communities. They neither promote the integration of the developments with their vicinities, nor the inclusion of their residents in the city.