This study sought to clarify the reference domains of demonstrative pronouns in young children. Japanese uses three different demonstrative pronouns: KORE, SORE, and ARE. Subjects (aged 3 to 6) were presented with a referent and were then asked to use KORE, SORE, or ARE.
Results showed:
1) Young children distinguish between KORE and ARE.
2) The area covered by KORE depended on whether the subject was sitting or standing. When standing, KORE covers an area in front and diagonally to the right; whereas when sitting, it covers an area in front and laterally to the right.
3) The KORE area shape was the same for males and females.
