The traditional community house, locally known as “Guol,” represents unique indigenous architecture of the Katu ethnic minority living in the mountainous region of Central Vietnam. In recent decades, changes in living environment have gradually eroded traditional lifestyles, particularly that of people using traditional community houses. This study explores all types of community houses in Nam Dong district and focuses on two traditional community houses in A Xang and Doi hamlets. A case study of the two hamlets shows the importance of natural resources, community cooperation, and indigenous knowledge. The research concludes with a discussion of conservation strategies in modern context.