生活環境としての重要伝統的建造物群保存地区の活用可能性と当該市町村による認識

抄録

 The present paper aims to clarify the possible lifestyles in Important Preservation Districts for Groups of Traditional Buildings (Judenken districts), based on the consideration on numbers and distribution of functions essential to inhabiting. In addition, its discussion and overall tendency of the municipal recognition of the district as living environment from the contrast the above lifestyles in the districts with municipal plans for the districts, to derive problems related in the districts from the analyses.
 Firstly, the locations of facilities necessary to live within walking distance from the district are identified for every districts, based on the definition of six sorts of the facilities in functions. In the identification, it is revealed that all facilities are located in 61 districts, while there are number of districts in which such facilities are not completed but enough for specific generations. Then, the case in which no facilities exist are recognized in 2 districts.
 Secondly, presumptive employment opportunities in tertiary industries is examined for every district, regarding Densely Inhabited Districts (DIDs) located within 15km of district as the neighboring area producing employment for the residents. As a result, it is apparent that a DID is located near district in the most of cases. The result shows that the residents living in such districts can work in city area. Oppositely, for the residents of 18 districts, it is hardly to choose the DIDs as their working places, because long distance.
 Considering the above examinations on location of living facilities and employment opportunities, the concerning districts are categorized into 5 types. As contrasted these typologies with “the general plans” published by municipalities, it is revealed that few municipalities which contain enough facilities and employment opportunities necessary to live in the districts (categorized as Type I) planned to develop their districts as living places, whereas the numbers of the districts which are planned to develop the districts as living places is in low proportion to the whole numbers of them. However, several districts that aren't treated as living places have the potential to provide certain living conditions in them, while preserving the townscapes. Therefore, it is considered that the municipalities which possess such districts have possibility to incubate their plan with viewpoint of the edge condition of the concerning districts. On the other hand, the municipalities lacking the facilities and employment (categorized as Type II, III and IV) have published their plans uniformly mostly similar to in Type I, with little understanding of the actual conditions of the districts, even they also have the potential for living if certain generations such as aged household or younger household with children are focused on as their residents. It signifies that there might be more chances for some municipalities to realize the utilization of the districts for living environment with more careful treatment and grasping proper conditions.
 According to the above, in conclusion the contradiction between the municipal recognition of the districts and their actual condition which haven't seemed to bring out their potential as living environment for planning of Judenken districts. Based on these discussion, the actions are necessary to utilize the districts and their townscapes with flexibility and broader perspective. If various type of utilization will be recognized through such actions, municipalities will not plan the district as merely cultural assets preserved statically but active living places with historical townscapes under depopulation.