サービス付き高齢者向け住宅における住戸内の行為拠点のとられ方に関する考察

抄録

 Introduction
 The government of Japan is pushing on the improvement of the elderly housing with supportive services for the measures toward an aging society with a declining birthrate. Hereinafter, such the elderly housing with supportive services is called “EHSS”. However, floor area of the dwelling unit in most of EHSS is very small like the room for a nursing home. Our life become steady by having the bases of the daily living in own home. This study aims to obtain knowledge about the improvement in quality of the dwelling unit in EHSS by investigating into the effect of floor area and the walking ability on selections of the bases. We were investigated on the daily living among the residents living in EHSS by the semi-structured interview. The objects are 6 housings, and 20 residents living in these housings (Table 1).
 Result
 There were three types of the dwelling unit Flat type, Kitchen type, and Sanitary type (Fig. 2). Floor area of Flat type was over 40 m2, and Kitchen type was over 25 m2, but Sanitary type is under 25 m2 of all cases. Focusing on the area of the room, “over 40 m2” was about 25 m2, but “over 25 m2” and “under 25 m2” were very small about 13 m2 (Table 4). There were many patterns of selections of the bases. The most popular base was “table and bed” and “only table”, and second was “only chair”, “chair and bed”, “only bed”, and “low-table and low-chair”. That is, the seating styles in the dwelling unit are able to divide into three styles: Floor-sitting, Chair-sitting, and Using a bed (Fig. 3). The seating styles was indifference with floor area. Whereas speculate that the number of bases has being influenced by floor area (Table 6). And it is assumed that the seating styles are relevant to the degree of disabilities of the stand-up motion and the walking action (Table 7).
 Conclusion
 The selection of the base appears to be exist four patterns (Fig. 4). Pattern 1 is the type of leaving the bed and establishing several the bases. This type is spending all days leaving the bed, and activities are different on each the base. Floor area of “over 40 m2” show a marked tend to this pattern. Pattern 2 is the type of leaving the bed and establishing only one base. This type is spending all days leaving the bed, and almost activities are acted on this base. Floor area of “under 25 m2” show a marked tend to this pattern. Pattern 3 is the type of using the bed besides establishing the other bases. This type is use the bed even if the behavior other than sleep. The residents in this type tend to have disabilities of the stand-up motion and the walking action. Pattern 4 is the type of using only the bed. This type is spending all days on the bed. The residents of this type have been using the wheelchair all the time.
 To be extended the area of the dwelling unit is effective in satisfaction of the life styles for the residents' hope. The move at senior stage give the elderly stress out the physical and mental condition. For build new life smoothly in EHSS, the low quality of the living environment is the problem to be solved.