サンボー・プレイ・クック遺跡群北寺院群における祠堂平面計画

プレ・アンコール期における造営技術の研究　その1

抄録

 Sambor Prei Kuk Monuments were functioned as huge-scale heritage of city between the period of Pre-Angkor and Angkor. These Monuments are regarded as "Īsānapura" and "伊奢那城" appered in Chinese historical documents and inscriptions. These Monuments were registered UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2015 based on the historical importance and the sites have been restored vigorously. However, the architectural study is not progressed actively, especially about the planning methods of brick structures. The purpose of this study is to revealing the method of planning the structure based on recent studies about dimensional planning of Khmer temple complex achived certain results.

 Sambor Prei Kuk Monuments is bisected by O-Kru-Ker River and west Zone called "city zone" and east zone is called "temple zone". In temple zone, three main complexes of temple: North Group, Central Group and South Group, are situated, and many brick shrines situated in. These Monuments were functioned as capital of Chenla from 6 century. After transfered to Angkor period, these were functioned as provincial city subtend Angkor area. Recent studies of methods of plan Khmer temples in structures in Angkor period, reveal that the modules of architectural planning are "hasta" and "vyama" based on body length. In Pre-Angkor period. the values of module are estimated close to those. Therefore the purpose is to reason the value of module in times of Pre-Angkor and the basical planning.

 Through the analyzing N1, N7, N8, N9, N10, N11, N12, N13, N14, N18, and N22, the value of module is estimated about 410 mm = 1 unit. However, some groups of module are confirmed as around unit = 420, 410 and 400 mm. The shrines belong to group of unit = 420 mm are rectangle plan and situated between middle and outer enclorsure. The shrines of rectangle plan is positioned in early times in Khmer history, so the larger module compared with other shrines may be possible to regard as low-level of construction. On the other hand, the different of value may be distinguished depending in module of finger intentionally. About the basical planning, for example of N13 tower, inner chamber is rectangle and outer wall is square plan. In the analyzed structures, the form of plan is the only and characteristic. The planning is regarded as secondly manipulation. Therefore, all plans of rectangle should not be placed in early times in Angkor easily. In additions to that, two tendencies are indicated those are relationship thikness of wall and innner chamber. About shrines of rectangle plan, the dimension of shorter side and thickness of wall proportional relationship. The directions of development transition are observed in two tendencies.

 Accordingly, the result of analysis reveal the each basical planning and values of module. As the result, the values of module apprpach to that of Angkor-period. However, the different of these values are necessary to examine carefully. That the module of dimension changes significantly would not be expected in brief period. There is the possibility that shrines of rectangle plan are designed the way that is different with square plans. In addditon to that, the planning method involved with thickness of wall closely. The shorter side of inner chamber and thickness of wall is propotional relationship. It may be possible to obtain the structural index. Therefore, rectangle plans and square plans are different explicitly in methods of planning. It is supposed that the square plan is intend to expand the area of chamber. The age of planning is possible to evaluate with accurancy construction. On the other hand, it is necessary to analysis the detail of each and other sites.