抄録
Various factors affecting passive solar heating as reflected by room temperature profile were systematically computed by a simulation program based on the response factor method under various standardized climatic conditions. A single room model with the same scale as the test room was used. Such factors include the thickness of thermal insulation of building envelope, the area of south-facing window and the depth of thermal storage material. An important aspect of this computerized calculation method is that it takes account of the solar radiation distributed to all inner surface sections as well as the heat transfer due to the radiation exchange of long wave from surface to surface. The main results of the simulations are shown as follows. (1) The condition of solar radiation has much influence on both the level of room temperature and the degree of temperature swing. (2) When the thickness of insulation increases, the average temperature level rises. But this effect decreases with an increase in thickness. (3) Increase of window area causes a rise in room temperature level, but the degree of temperature swing in-creases further. This effect is remarkable in the case of small room and that with thermally inferior windows. (4) Thermal storage material has the effect of decreasing the degree of room temperature swing. But this effect does not appear when the thicknees of that material is over 15cm to 20 cm. (5) In order to reduce the temperature swing, it is more effective to increase the surface area of thermal storage material rather than to increase its depth. (6) Thermal storage material has a cooling effect during the daytime and a heating effect during the night. (7) The heating effect of solar radiation on a room with high capacity is larger during the night or sunless days than that of a room with low capacity. But the amount of the effect is much smaller than that during the daytime or fine weather.
