抄録
To systematically elucidate the synergistic regulatory mechanisms of nitrogen management and spatial configuration on crop growth dynamics and yield formation in soybean-maize strip intercropping systems, this study employed two nitrogen application levels (no nitrogen and nitrogen application) and four interspecific spacing treatments (30, 45, 60, and 75 cm), with corresponding sole cropping systems as controls. Key parameters, including crop growth rate, dry matter accumulation and distribution, yield components, and land equivalent ratio, were monitored and analyzed. The results demonstrated significant interactive effects between crops under intercropping conditions, with a suitable interspecific spacing of 60 cm optimizing interspecific resource competition and complementarity, thereby markedly enhancing dry matter accumulation and grain yield. Nitrogen application not only improved yield but also reshaped the pattern of dry matter distribution, reinforcing intra-system synergy and resource use efficiency. All intercropping combinations outperformed sole cropping in land use efficiency, with the nitrogen-applied 60 cm spacing treatment achieving the best performance, reflecting strong crop complementarity and yield potential. This study proposes a dual-factor synergistic regulation strategy, combining “nitrogen application + optimized interspecific spacing,” and highlights the pivotal role of dry matter accumulation and distribution in yield formation. It provides theoretical and practical guidance for high-yield and efficient management of soybean-maize strip intercropping systems.
