抄録
Long-term continuous cropping of potato commonly leads to soil degradation and replanting obstacles, with soil microbial communities playing a crucial ecological role in this process. In this study, field experiments were conducted with treatments of fallow, 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year continuous cropping, and MiSeq high-throughput sequencing was employed to systematically analyze rhizosphere soil microbial communities. The results showed that continuous cropping for 3–5 years significantly reduced α-diversity indices such as Ace, Chao, and Shannon, indicating declines in soil microbial diversity and ecological stability. In terms of community composition, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Acidobacteria increased in bacterial communities, with significant enrichment of genera such as Arthrobacter and Streptomyces; in fungal communities, pathogenic Fusarium sharply increased, while beneficial fungi such as Chaetomium and Hanseniaspora markedly decreased, and Chytridiomycota approached the detection limit. These findings reveal the dynamic succession characterized by the accumulation of harmful microbes and the loss of beneficial ones in potato continuous cropping soils. This study systematically elucidates the response patterns of soil microbial communities under different durations of continuous cropping, uncovering the microbial ecological mechanisms underlying potato replanting obstacles, and provides a scientific basis for understanding and mitigating these obstacles as well as theoretical support for microbe-mediated soil remediation and sustainable potato cultivation.
