2004 年 27 巻 8 号 p. 1270-1274
We have assessed the release of histamine from mast cells by smooth muscle contraction. 0.3 μg/ml compound 48/80 showed no effect on concentration–response relationship of histamine in rabbit aorta. Compound 48/80 induced release of histamine from rat mast cells. When aorta was stimulated by compound 48/80 in the presence of mast cells, contraction was evoked in concentration-dependent manner. This mast cell-dependent contraction was completely blocked by H1 receptor antagonist, 1 μM diphenhydramine. When mast cells was treated with compound 48/80 inhibitor benzalkonium chloride, mast cell-dependent contraction was inhibited, although benzalkonium chloride itself showed no effect on concentration–response relationship of histamine in rabbit aorta. At high concentration of 10 μg/ml, benzalkonium chloride itself evoked histamine release from mast cells and indeed inhibitory effect of 10 μg/ml benzalkonium chloride on mast cell-dependent contraction was lower than that of 3 μg/ml. We have applied this bioassay to search anti-allergic ingredient from a total methanolic extract of Corydalis tuber (Corydalis turtschaninovii BESSER forma yanhusuo Y. H. CHOU et C. C. HSU). Successively, we have isolated five fractions. The fractions I—IV are identified to be corybulbine (1), tetrahydropalmatine (2), corydaline (3) and yuanhunine (4), respectively. Main component of fraction V is the mixture of 3 and canadine (5). Fractions II and V significantly inhibited mast cell-dependent contraction in rabbit aorta as well as inhibited histamine release from rat mast cells. Furthermore, fractions I, III and V inhibited histamine-induced contraction in rabbit aorta at non-competitive manner. From these results, combination of rat mast cells and rabbit aorta is good bioassay to search the anti-allergic ingredient, and we have obtained effective fractions from Corydalis tuber using this assay.
