Influence of Dietary Lipids on Glucuronidation and Sulfation of Phenol and Its para Substituent in the Rat

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Rats were fed corn oil-free or corn oil-containing diets for 4 weeks to determine their effect on the competition between glucuronidation and sulfation in phenol and its para substituents. The activities of uridine diphosphate-glucuronyltransferase (UDPGT) on chemicals were enhanced with a 12% corn oil diet, whereas sulfotransferase activity showed no significant change. Following the intravenous injection of p-ethylphenol and p-tert-butylphenol, an increase of glucuronide and a decrease of sulfate were observed in the rats fed the corn oil diet. In contrast, no significant changes were observed in phenol and p-phenylphenol. These results are discussed in association with van der Waals volume (V_w) of substituent and phospholipid dependence of UDPGT.