Cannabinoid Receptor 1 Binding Activity and Quantitative Analysis of Cannabis sativa L. Smoke and Vapor

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Cannabis sativa L. (cannabis) extracts, vapor produced by the Volcano^® vaporizer and smoke made from burning cannabis joints were analyzed by GC-flame ionization detecter (FID), GC-MS and HPLC. Three different medicinal cannabis varieties were investigated Bedrocan^®, Bedrobinol^® and Bediol^®. Cannabinoids plus other components such as terpenoids and pyrolytic by-products were identified and quantified in all samples. Cannabis vapor and smoke was tested for cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) binding activity and compared to pure Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ⁹-THC). The top five major compounds in Bedrocan^® extracts were Δ⁹-THC, cannabigerol (CBG), terpinolene, myrcene, and cis-ocimene in Bedrobinol^® Δ⁹-THC, myrcene, CBG, cannabichromene (CBC), and camphene in Bediol^® cannabidiol (CBD), Δ⁹-THC, myrcene, CBC, and CBG. The major components in Bedrocan^® vapor (>1.0 mg/g) were Δ⁹-THC, terpinolene, myrcene, CBG, cis-ocimene and CBD in Bedrobinol^® Δ⁹-THC, myrcene and CBD in Bediol^® CBD, Δ⁹-THC, myrcene, CBC and terpinolene. The major components in Bedrocan^® smoke (>1.0 mg/g) were Δ⁹-THC, cannabinol (CBN), terpinolene, CBG, myrcene and cis-ocimene in Bedrobinol^® Δ⁹-THC, CBN and myrcene in Bediol^® CBD, Δ⁹-THC, CBN, myrcene, CBC and terpinolene. There was no statistically significant difference between CB1 binding of pure Δ⁹-THC compared to cannabis smoke and vapor at an equivalent concentration of Δ⁹-THC.