Isolation and Structures of Arvenins from Anagallis arvensis L. (Primulaceae). New Cucurbitacin Glucosides

Abstract

Four new cucurbitacin glucosides (named arvenin I, II, III and IV) were isolated as bitter principles of Anagallis arvensis L. (Primulaceae). On the basis of the spectral studies involving carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectra and the chemical transformations, the structures of these bitter glucosides have been established as 2-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl cucurbitacin B for arvenin I, 2-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl 23, 24-dihydrocucurbitacin B for arvenin II, 2-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl cucurbitacin D for arvenin III and 2-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl cucurbitacin R for arvenin IV, respectively. This is the first isolation of cucurbitacin glucosides from the family Primulaceae.