Concerning the Chinese rural society is in the transformation period, some people indicate that it is sinking and degenerating, while some argue that it is declining and disappearing. As I observed and researched, the social structure that is established on the basis of cultivation culture is truly collapsing and being replaced by a complex and chaotic structure. Individual behavior logic in rural society is shifting from acquaintance-society principle to semi-acquaintance-society and anonymous-society principle as agricultural civilization and industrial and commercial civilization are performing a kind of game in Chinese countryside. Villages have gradually lost their original cultural cohesion, and replaced by a state of disunity. What I am worried about is not its external decline and decadence but the disappearance of its cultural atmosphere and positive spirits. This thesis adopts the approach of meticulous fieldwork, which is a common research method in sociology and anthropology. The thesis focuses on the phenomenon that gambling is prevailing in a depressed countryside, a summarization and conclusion of the features of the phenomenon to make a deep analysis in it`s inside social mentality and social fabric through the investigation and study of the phenomenon. In the end, this thesis presents some unique standpoints on the longtime top-down village construction mode as well as the rural society’s dependence on superior government, which developed under this mode.
