Mobility restriction policy effect to travel-activity participation after the policy lifted: Evidence from the COVID-19 outbreak in Indonesia

抄録

The changes in travel-activity and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic, as a response to mobility restriction policy implementation, has raise a question on how travel-activity participation after the mobility restriction lifted will be. This study investigated how the mobility restriction policy, through the changes of activity, travel, and well-being, influenced activitytravel participation after the policy lifted. For this purpose, we conducted an online survey during the outbreak in Indonesia (in May 2020) and performed a Structural Equation Modelling to investigate the travel behaviour changes after the mobility restriction was lifted. The model shows that increase of travel after mobility restriction policy was lifted is associated with greater reduction in travel and lower emotional well-being during the mobility restriction period. While younger people tend to increase their travel, high net worth individuals tend to increase their online activity after mobility restriction policy. This study suggested a strict health protocol for activity location, especially for social and leisure activity, increasing the quality of ICT infrastructure, and developing more green space near the residential areas.