Picowatt 0.5 V supply with 3 ppm/°C CMOS voltage reference for energy harvesting system

Abstract

This paper presents a novel picowatt CMOS voltage reference for energy harvesting (EH) system applications. The output voltage is 133.6 mV with subthreshold operations of MOSFETs at a supply of 0.5 V. It was simulated in 0.18-µm CMOS technology. The simulation results show voltage variation of 0.594%/V line sensitivity for supply voltage from 0.5 V to 3 V and about 3 ppm/°C of temperature variation from −20°C to 80°C. Its power consumption is only 205.027 pW. The power supply rejection ratio (PSRR) has been kept stably at −41.99 dB up to GHz level.