「仏教文法」としての『チャンドラ文法』

抄録

The Cāndravyākaraṇa, the Sanskrit grammar text consisting of the Cāndrasūtra by Candragomin (ca. 5^th c.) and its commentary Cāndravṛtti by Dharmadāsa (ca. 5–6^th c.), is called “Buddhist Grammar” by modern scholars. It aided Buddhists to study Sanskrit grammar. Previous studies have tried to point out the work’s Buddhist characteristics. However, this approach is open to question. This paper examines whether the authors composed their work by considering grammatical arguments found in Buddhist literature. The paper also focuses on the argument regarding the usage of the Ktvā suffix in the Abhidharmakośabhāṣya by Vasubandhu (ca. 4–5^th c.). He provided an etymological interpretation of the word pratītyasamutpāda (dependent origination), and discussed the validity of using the Ktvā suffix against grammarians. To justify his interpretation, he followed the suggestions by Kātyāyana (ca. 3^rd c. B.C.). Accordingly, it seems important for Buddhists to study Kātyāyana’s suggestions. However, Candragomin and Dharmadāsa did not prescribe them. The commentator Ratnamati (ca. 10^th c.) noted them as a supplementary explanation in his Cāndravyākaraṇapañjikā. This leads us to presume that the authors attached less importance to Buddhist arguments in composing their work. For this reason, we should be careful in designating the Cāndravyākaraṇa as “Buddhist Grammar.”