Recent Progress and State of the Art in Seismo-Electromagnetic Study

Abstract

Despite its extreme importance and years of efforts, practical short-term earthquake prediction still remains to be achieved in future. However, earthquake-related electromagnetic phenomena are recently considered as a promising candidate for short-term earthquake prediction. There have been accumulated a lot of evidences of precursory signatures in a wide frequency range. In this paper, the recent studies on seismo-electromagnetics such as pre-seismic phenomena such as ULF geomagnetic anomalous changes and ionospheric disturbances associated the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake are presented.