The idea of vision chip is integrating photodetectors with processors on a VLSI. Vision chips are expected to provide many advantages compared with conventional vision systems. These include high speed, small size, low power consumption, wide brightness range, and low-cost. This paper proposes a motion measurement method for pixel-parallel vision chips. The method reports one-dimensional motion vector of local motion on a focal plane with three photodetectors. The method detects the motion from a relation of two binary signals each of which represents the existence of a spatial edge between adjacent photodetectors. Computer simulation at an image processing level showed that the method detects the motion accurately in wide speed range. The method has been implemented on an experimental vision chip using standard CMOS process and confirmed that the chip stably detects the motion by experiments.
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