This paper reanalyzed the data used in Hanaoka (1999) using a new set of categories to identify instances of explicitation. Though the sample is too small to make any generalizations, it revealed that the clarification of pronominal reference was the most frequent. To investigate whether, if not omitted, the English pronouns tend to be made explicit rather than replaced by Japanese counterparts, a 14-minute segment from The NewsHour with Jim Lehrer was analyzed. It was found that one in every four personal pronouns was made explicit, suggesting frequent explicitation of personal pronouns if translated at all. Another type of explicitation at the lexical level involved clarification of culture-specific names. Translation of proper names was discussed based upon three different strategies: (a) direct translation+explanation, (b) simplification, and (c) clarification of the metaphor. The second part of the paper attempted to classify various types of explicitation observed in broadcast news translations at both the lexical and discourse levels.
