女性ディレクターから見た初期テレビ制作の現場

フェミニスト・エスノグラフィーを用いたアーカイブ研究

抄録

This study examines the experience of a female director active at Osaka Broadcasting Station (JOBK), who collaborated in production with its Tokyo headquarters station (JOAK) that developed the television documentary series The Naked Japan (NHK, 1957-1964).

The study reconsiders, using a gender perspective, the history of early television documentaries from the following three points. First, the study examines her career path to understand how gender affects her selection of the methodology surrounding the production of early television documentaries. Second, it focuses on how the job disparities stemming from gender were related to her participation in the production team and her career path. This part of the study considers the formal structures of institutions, such as management strategies and departmental organization. Thirdly, it analyzes the representation of industrial reflexivity through a text of her program.

This paper presents two conclusions: 1) the female director of this program understood and shared the documentary expression born on television as a cultural product of "collective production" caused by changes in media technology; and 2) the television documentary form evolved into a polyphonic form of expression that denounced injustice against the socially vulnerable and allowed their voices to resonate in the public space.

Thus, by inserting a gender perspective into the history of early television documentaries, this paper confirms the reality that television documentary production was gendered early television production. This further leads to the discovery of the issue regarding "gendered archives," which is connected to the archives that collect, preserve, and publicize past broadcast programs. Accordingly, this paper offers a new analysis point for reviewing the history of early television documentaries from a feminist perspective.