日本と台湾の環境アセスメント制度の国際比較

抄録

The environmental impact assessment (EIA) law was enacted in Japan in 1997. Although there has been considerable improvement in the last Cabinet Council assessment, the EIA system is still beset by some problems. Japan's antipollution and environmental policies were considered to set a good example for East Asian countries till the twentieth century. However, the EIA of Japan cannot be considered exemplary. In contrast, the EIA enacted by Taiwan in 1994 is very advanced, providing not only EIA but also regulations pertaining to strategic environmental assessment.

This study aims to review and evaluate Taiwan's environment policies and EIA system. First, it describes the changes in the environmental policies and legislative processes regarding EIA Laws. Second, this study investigates Taiwan's current EIA system, focusing on various aspects of the system such as procedures, projects subject, citizen participation, etc. The present study also compares the respective EIA systems of Japan and Taiwan. Finally, it clarifies the differences between each feature and system in the two countries. In addition, this study also provides suggestions toward improving the EIA system of Japan.