抄録
We have tried to make public policies and laws as tools to innovate public education. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the citizen proposals and the lawmakerinitiated bills of 2015 and 2016 in Japan, which would promote the educational opportunities for at-risk kids excluded from public schooling. First of all, according to John Kingdom’ s ‘ policy window’ model, I especially focused on ‘ problems stream’ and p‘olicy stream’ to clarify the process of setting up the bills. Secondly, I also pay attention to the new public management in Japanese education as a key policy stream.
As a result of analyzing, I found out to incubate two innovative tools in those proposals and bills. One is an alternative form of the public education providers which is recognized as a kind of ‘ corporate voluntarism’ conceptualized by Michael B.Katz. The other is a personalized/individualized learning plan that will be similar to IEP (Individualized Education Program). Finally, the bill of 2016 is still under discussion of Diet members in May, 2016, and therefore nobody knows whether it would be enacted or not.
