特集—防災の観点からの燃焼挙動把握とその対策技術
世界各地の森林と泥炭火災と防止技術
2010 年 52 巻 160 号 p. 113-120
詳細
2010 年 52 巻 160 号 p. 113-120
One of the objectives of this paper about recent trends in fires in boreal and tropical forests is to raise reader's awareness of wilderness fires as a type of disaster mainly caused by human activity. Firstly, three global scale biomass fires occurring in savanna, tropical forest, and boreal forest areas were mainly described. Biomass fires in the three major areas were compared with using data for total vegetation area, fire area, primary production, biomass density, and fraction of biomass consumed by the fires. This comparison clearly showed several important characteristics of the three kinds of biomass fires. Then, characteristics of the three fire types of biomass were briefly described to explain the values for the fraction of biomass consumed by various biomass fires. Secondly, the effect of peat fires in Indonesia on the world environment were discussed from the global warming point of view. Finally, the starting mechanism of lightning-caused fires occurring in boreal forests was discussed by considering characteristics of dry thunderstorms.
