教育行政のデジタル・トランスフォーメーション

抄録

After the implementation of the‘ GIGA School Program’, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology is now aiming to achieve ‘digital transformation’ in education by deploying technology in public schools. Subsequent to digitization and digitalization of teaching, learning, and school business affairs, digital transformation of education enables us to use a range of digital open-data related to public school students' performance through education data platforms in order to improve the public education and put into practice evidence-based （educational）policy making. The purpose of this paper is to draw a sketch of how the organization of educational administration will be transformed by the deployment of such technologies into public schools and local governments' offices of educational administration. Among three key elements of digital transformation:‘ open-source’,‘ open-data’, and‘ cloud service’, this paper focuses on the idea of open-data and cloud service. This is because data-driven decision making in education encouraged by opendata and the standardization of business process set by contracts between cloud service providers and the central government would cause a change in the work of public-school staff and the educational administration office staff. Based on a literature review of research on this topic in other countries and an analysis of relevant domestic policy documents that promote the digital transformation of local governments, this paper argues that a curtailment of the discretion of public schools' staff as street-level bureaucrats/frontline civil servants and their transformation into‘ screenlevel bureaucrats’ are likely to occur in Japan. The article concludes with proposals for a future research agenda on the‘ unintended consequences’ （Fountain, 2005）of the use of ICT（Information and communication technology）in public school administration.