Larch trees are the dominant elements of coniferous forests in Eastern Siberia, and its abundance largely depends on local hydrological conditions, which are predominantly mediated by topographic properties at the 100-meter scale. The present study evaluated how geographic heterogeneity of the larch forest is formed with a special focus on topography and its related environmental heterogeneity.Our analysis suggest that topographic properties, besides climatic environment, control the abundance of larch forest via both drought and flooding stresses in Eastern Siberia.
