Studies on the Physicochemical Properties and Existence of Water Products (as Drinks) Advertised as Having Smaller Cluster Sizes of H₂O Molecules than Those of Regular Water

Abstract

The in vitro physicochemical properties of 6 bottled water products (as drinks), advertised as having cluster sizes of H₂O molecules smaller than those of regular water, were studied. No significant differences in the boiling temperature (BT, near 100°C) or freezing temperature (FT, near 0°C) were observed between all 8 aqueous solutions examined, including deionized water (DW) and tap water as controls, although DW had the lowest mean BT and highest mean FT values. The specific gravity of all the examined aqueous solutions, including the controls, changed in a temperature-dependently manner, showing the greatest value (near 1.000) at 4°C. Analyses of inorganic components revealed that various mineral components were dissolved in aqueous solutions examined other than DW, suggesting that the trends of the lowest BT and highest FT for the DW control were due to the absence of these solutes. These results did not demonstrate the presence of an abnormality in the hydrogen bonds between H₂O molecules in the sample solutions compared to the controls. In other words, the claims by the manufacturers in their advertisements concerning the cluster sizes of H₂O molecules for their water products were not confirmed by the findings of this study.