宗教的パースナリティの自我機制

権威主義尺度による一アプローチ

抄録

The present study purports to identify, as preliminary step toward evaluation, the actual, and not ideal, ego-functionings of religious personalities as those of Jyodo-Shinsyu, Zen Buddhism, Protestant and Catholic belief and Tenrikyo, since the ego-functioning is, undoubtedly, related to some of the objectives of religion revealed as authority-acquisitioning activity and maturing of personality.
The Adorno's F Scale was administered to 200 university students, consisting of 5 denominations, each of 40 subjects, majoring respectively their own religion in their denominational universities. The data were analysed by means of factor analyses, and factor-scores obtained were compared. The 4 factors extracted were identified as “Escapism, ” “Id Manifestivity, ” “Power Orientation, ” and “Tradition Orientation, ” the first and the third factor being negatively related to the Ego-function, and the second positively related to the Id-potency, and the fourth positively related to the Super-Ego-dominace. The following characteristics are our main findings:
1. The distinctive way of ego-functioning was empirically identified for each religion along with the multi-dimentional expression of SuperEgo, Id, and Ego functionings.
2. This multi-dimensionality was already indicative of partially functional and partially dysfunctional contribution of religion to the maturing of personality, anticipatedly refuting the stereo-typed perception of religion as “religion as an escape-mechanism. ”
3. This sort of functional approach is a promising strategy for the study of religion, so that, when matched with a consideration of its social implications, it could be a real existential approach in examining Authority-acquisiition.