防長海岸の漁村
特に周防大島の漁村的性格
1956 年 8 巻 1 号 p. 34-46,79
詳細
1956 年 8 巻 1 号 p. 34-46,79
Suo-Oshima, the main island in the west part of the Seto Inland Sea, lies between Japan proper and Sikoku. It is 158 square kilometres in area and of 406 inhabitants in every square kilometre. Because of the lack of the arable land, with its over-population, their daily life has been based on the utilization of the coast and its emigrants.
The characters of the villages are as follows: Agenosho-Ura (Ura means ‘bay’) and Kuga-Ura are simply fishing villages, which were under the protection of the fishing right as Otate-Ura during the age of former clan. Otate-Ura gained its name because the villagers gave silver towards the government fund. Other Mura-Ura, called Ha-Ura in another name, are half-farming and half-fishing villages which have developed since the Meiji era.
The chief products are sweet potatoes, mandarin oranges and dried sea-slugs. The villages are distributed in masses at the lower parts of the coast.
The seine by sardine boats comes first in fishing. The individual administration of the first stage of Capitalism is carried on in Agenosho-Ura and in Kuga-Ura.
The cooperative administration of stock system is in the other Mura-Ura. The fishing with a rod is for catching sea-breams, horse-mackerels, cuttlefish etc. Okikamurojima is famous for it. In Nasakejima of Yuda-Mura this way of fishing is practised by a Kajiko, child sea-man, employed for that purpose. The center of the net-fishing of sea-breams is Agenosho-Ura holding the 50 per cent of the whole island in the operation with roller. An octopus-trap is popular through-out the island, the west part of which is more famous.
After all, in the fishing villages of Suo-Oshima they support a small way of living, relying upon their efficiency of labour, such as a side-job, emigration and a subsidiary work. As far as the number of fishing boats is concerned, in fishing villages it remains comparatively unchanged and the mechanization of the boats is advanced; while in half-farming and half-fishing villages the number has been rapidly increased since the Meiji era and their mechanization is unfavourable.
