A disease of tomato, showing the symptoms of yellows and stunting, was found in Saga and Hiroshima Prefectures in 1983 and 1984, respectively. Electron microscopy revealed the presence of numerous mycoplasmalike organisms (MLOs) in the phloem tissues of the diseased plants. Of the two leafhoppers tested, Macrosteles orientalis Virbaste and Scleroracus fiavopictus Ishihara, only M. orientalis transmitted the disease. Tomato yellows MLO described in this work had a wide host range similar to that of onion yellows MLO.