2020 年 30 巻 1 号 p. 5-28
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging social risk with a rapid increase in cases of 5,200,000 and deaths of 330,000 (23/May/2020) since its first identification in Wuhan China, in December 2019. The COVID-19 is spreading all over the world as an emerging pandemic, and global society need fundamental risk management concepts against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Human-to-human transmissions have been facilitating via droplets and contaminated surfaces to hands. Therefore, we developed the systematic review comprehensively using available information about coronaviruses on environmental surfaces and inactivation mechanisms of antiviral chemicals possible to apply as chemical disinfectants. The analysis of literatures revealed that SARS-CoV-2 can persist on environmental surfaces like plastics and glasses for up to 7 days, but might be efficiently inactivated with 45–81% ethanol, 50–80% 2-propanol, 0.05–0.3% benzalkonium chloride, various detergents, >0.5% hydrogen peroxide or >0.045% sodium hypochlorite within 30 sec–10 min or 30 min. As no specific therapies are available for SARS-CoV-2, we propose the risk mitigation on the contact infection route by anti-virus household products is promising for prevention of further spread via hands to mouth, nose, and eyes. and to control this novel social problem.
