Conventionally, autologous nerve transplantation has been used to treat peripheral nerve defects. Since the 1890s, studies on peripheral nerve reconstruction by tubulization have been performed because of sensory disturbance at the donor site and limited supply of donors. This study introduces the history of the development of artificial nerves in Japan and worldwide and the clinical results of Japanese-made artificial nerves (Nerbridge and Renerve) , which are used in Japan. Nerbridge and Renerve are excellent artificial nerves that are used according to the operator’s ease of use, site to be transplanted, and defect size. Artificial nerve transplantation is a good indication if the nerve ends cannot be connected without tension due to peripheral nerve injury. The finger is the most susceptible site for peripheral nerve injury. If the gap between the peripheral nerve stumps is ≥ 1 mm in the extended finger position, artificial nerve grafting should be performed.
