2022 年 78 巻 5 号 p. I_107-I_115
Understanding the situation of the potential water resources (PWR) available and their spatial distribution is essential for an efficient water management on a basin scale. Water scarcity is a complex issue that many countries in the world, including Madagascar, face. In this article, we assess the potential water resource availability and the competition of use within a basin. Here we show the importance of the water resources assessment within a large river basin scale. Three imbalance indicators were introduced to evaluate the spatial availability, distribution, and variability of the PWR available for daily life use and agriculture. The Indicator N°1 presents the total amount of PWR per capita and agriculture area in the whole basin. The Indicator N°2 indicates the distribution of water compared to the outlet if there is more or less water in the upstream area. Indicator N°3 demonstrates the water variability upstream to downstream. Results reveal the uneven spatial distribution of the water available upstream-downstream which is the core issue of the river basin management. Our results demonstrate how the three imbalance indicators provide a relevant information about the situation of water resources, helping to solve the conflicts of use and to overcome the pressures on water scarcity.
