THE EFFECTS OF OPERATION INTERFACE AND HEAD-UP INFORMATION DISPLAY DESIGNS ON USERS' GAMING PERFORMANCE

抄録

This study examined the effects of two interface design variables—operation interface (traditional vs. circular) and head-up display (HUD) information type (progress bar, numerical, icon)—on player-game interaction (PGI) using third-person shooter prototypes developed in Unity and tested on an 11-inch Mi Pad 5 tablet. Employing a 2 × 3 between-subjects factorial design with tasks varying from simple navigation to complex shooting, results indicated that the circular interface enhanced performance in intermediate and difficult tasks, whereas HUD type had no significant main effect. An interaction effect appeared in non-shooting tasks: numerical displays prolonged completion times with circular interfaces, while icon displays delayed tasks using traditional interfaces. NASA-TLX results revealed low demand but high effort, minimal frustration, and strong user satisfaction.