米国における食品微生物学: 科学, 規制, 実用面における最近の動向

抄録

As food distribution is done increasingly in a global scale, food borne pathogens also spread throughout the world rapidly. It is imperative that world hea1th regu1ation and food pathogen control are done in a global scale as well. The increasing popularity of ready-to-eat foods also will have animpact on the food regulation in the world. As refrigerated, ready-to-eat foods are to have extended shelf-lives, pychrotrohic pathogens will present larger problems, while less heated, closer to fresh products with present larger prob1ems, while less heated, closer to fresh products with shorter shelf-lives are a1so becoming more popular which necessitates the development of more rapid and sensitive assay methods for potential pathogens. Meanwhile, to prevent food borne illness, HACCP-type control practices are more strongly required. Federal government of the United States, both FDA and USDA, have proposed regulations based on HACCP approach in the recent months.
New, more rapid and sensitive analytical methods for pathogens are being developed, a few examples of which are presented here including automated immunoassays such as VIDAS by BioMerieux Vitek and “riboprinting” as well as “PCR-based” methodologies developed by DuPont. It is noteworthy that many new analytical methods are being approved (and given official first action status) by AOAC.