Cytology is one of the useful pathological examinations for oral lesions. Recently, liquid-based cytology is used instead of conventional smear cytology because it offers several advantages over the conventional method in cytological diagnosis. Furthermore, liquid-based cytology specimens can be applied to immunohistochemical and molecular analyses. This review summarizes the use of liquid-based cytology for oral diseases, along with possible applications for immunohistochemical and molecular diagnosis.
