抄録
This study aimed to examine teachers’ awareness of the class content of “Exercises for Releasing Body and Mind” and “Exercises to Create Various Movements” in the lower and middle grades of elementary school based on the differences in teachers’ expertise in teaching physical education. The results revealed the following.
First, in common with the two classes (“Exercises for Releasing Body and Mind” and “Exercises to Create Various Movements”), general teachers considered “knowledge about the unit,” “making a unit plan,” “the flow (assembly) of a onecredit hour–long class” “exercise masters,” “creating an effective space, ”“Knowledge of teaching materials,” “lack of relevant supplemental reading materials,” and “lack of relevant reference books and magazines” as problems in a high percentage of cases. In “Exercises for Releasing Body and Mind,” they considered “sustaining the children’s motivation” a problem. Second, a higher percentage of the general teachers did not use “government produced materials” and “materials and YouTube” produced by government and private study group in both classes. In contrast, supplementary reading materials and consultation with teachers with extensive knowledge of physical education were used to the same extent regardless of the teachers’ competence in teaching physical education. On the other hand, in both classes, the general teachers requested “examples of how to assist children who are not good at exercising” and in “Exercises for Releasing Body and Mind,” they requested “measures to sustain children's motivation”. And the overall percentage of “requests” was over 90.0% for almost all items, showing a high level of need regardless of the level of expertise in physical education. Finally, all participants considered “movements to move the body” easy to learn in “Exercises to Create Various Movements”. Otherwise, there were many movements that general teachers considered difficult.
In this study, we obtained important findings regarding teachers’ awareness of “Exercises for Releasing Body and Mind” and “Exercises to Create Various Movements” in the lower and middle grades of elementary school, as shown above.
