DEVELOPMENT OF A FRAMEWORK AND OBSERVATION PROTOCOL FOR INTEGRATED STEM

抄録

While integrated STEM education is called for in national policy documents within in the United States， there remains significant variation in conceptualizations and enactment of K-12 integrated STEM. In response， a detailed conceptual framework for K-12 integrated STEM education was developed to inform researchers and educators. Based on a review of the integrated STEM literature the framework includes seven central characteristics of integrated STEM: (a) centrality of engineering design， (b) driven by authentic problems， (c) context integration， (d) content integration， (e) STEM practices， (f) twenty-first century skills， and (g) informing students about STEM careers. This framework formed the basis for the development of a new STEM observation protocol designed to assess the quality of integrated STEM instruction in K-12 science classrooms.