田島小学校における体験教育の実践的展開 : 「遊戯化教育」の位置とその特徴

抄録

The activity-oriented education at Tajima elementary school was well-known among the various new education movements of 1920's and 1930's Japan. The school principal Hiroshi Yamazaki followed the theory of "Kultur Padagogik," advocated by Soju Irisawa, an associate professor of Tokyo Imperial University. Yamazaki struggled to coordinate a school-wide program with the school's teachers; their program lasted more than a decade. However, educational historians have not thoroughly examined the relevance of theoretical validity with the substance of educational methods, only to superficially conclude with a discussion of the interdependence of the concept of "experience" and the Japanese nationalistic spirit The intent of this paper is to thoroughly investigate the significance of a "Kultur Padagogik" based school program and its successful implementation. For this purpose, I analyze the social constructionist aspects of the lower grade programs of the school, such as "education with play" as well as a leading teacher's curriculum planning. First, I clarify the structural development of the "education with play" and its important role in activity-oriented education. "Education with play" was designed to be situated at the introductory level to stimulate the children's own initiative to organize purposeful activities. Second, I determine the school's degree of successful implementation of the original curriculum. The teachers surveyed the children's needs in order to pursue drastic curriculum reform by integrating "play" as an important part of the curriculum.