公共放送における「声なき声」の包摂の葛藤

NHK の福祉番組『ハートネットTV』のソーシャルメディア活用を事例として

抄録

This paper focuses on the example of NHK’s welfare program Heartnet TV

（NHK ETV）, for reexamining the public broadcaster’s role of incorporating

“silent voices” via social media. An important issue for rethinking public broadcasting

journalism of the digital era is to connect various types of marginalized

audiences’ “silent voices” to the wider public sphere. In this respect, many studies

suggest the importance of examining democratic process through the interaction

between broadcasting and social media.

　　Nevertheless, few empirical studies examine how broadcasting journalistic

practices could be restricted by incorporating “silent voices” via social media.

For this reason, this paper examines whether the existing television journalism

could both incorporate various voices and represent them in words easily

understood by members of the wider society. Heartnet TV is a challenging journalistic

practice that tries to use minorities’ voices on social media for representing

social reality to the wider public.

　　This paper conducted qualitative discourse analysis by referring to program

contents and audiences’ interpretations in the official BBS and Twitter

regarding two of the program series: ⑴ the series regarding the Sagamihara

Disabilities Murder（ 2016）, which was a hate crime against people with mental

disabilities and ⑵ NHK’s Suicide Prevention Campaign “Television for Surviving”

（since 2014）, which has been projected for reducing young people’s suicides.

Many opinions regarding these program contents appeared in social

media from people affected by problems.

　　Finally, this paper concludes that there is a contradiction between both of

the two roles mentioned above: incorporating various opinions and representing

its complex reality in words at the same time. This result also suggests a structural

problem regarding a democratic process centered around autonomous

audiences and shows revising the traditional sender-receiver relationship on

complex media landscape as a task.