CRISPR/Cas9 による遺伝子改変技術

抄録

For the purpose of analyzing gene functions at the cellular or individual level, genome editing techniques thatdirectly modify protein-coding DNA sequences have been developed, including knockouts, mutagenesis, andaddition of tagged proteins. Over a decade ago, a method utilizing the CRISPR/Cas9 system was introduced, significantly simplifying genome editing and leading to its widespread adoption.This article provides a brief overview of the history of genome editing, focusing on methods for creating knockout organisms and the evolution of editing techniques. Additionally, we explore the bacterial immune system thatinspired the development of CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing. Practical applications of CRISPR/Cas9 for cellular-level knockout studies are also illustrated with specific examples.