環境資源の国際的相互依存に関する研究

抄録

Countries use energy and other environmental resources for the production of goods and services within their geographical boundaries. In addition, however, we must not forget the indirect use of resources that are put into through the import of goods and services from other countries. Environmental implication of trade is especially important when we consider national responsibilities for taking actions. In this paper, a calculation has been done to estimate the flow of energy embodied in the traded goods and services by using international trade statistics and energy data. It is shown that the indirect energy flow from the developing countries to the developed ones is greater than its flow to the opposite direction. Furthermore, a method of analyzing such resource interdependence among nations is presented based on the input-output model. By using 1985 bilateral and multilateral input-output tables encompassing some Asian countries and the United States, estimation is made for the total (both direct and indirect) energy needed for the final production of various industry sectors in different countries. Then environmental resource consumption structures are compared among the countries.