Nanoparticles in Feed: a Potential Approach for Mitigating Heat Stress on Broilers

抄録

A major environmental stressor for the poultry industry is heat stress, which results in substantial economic losses. Heat stress has recently garnered increasing public awareness and concern for its adverse effects on poultry welfare. Several physiological changes happen under heat stress, including oxidative stress, acid-base imbalance, and immunosuppression, leading to increased mortality and decreased feed efficiency, body weight, feed intake, and egg production. Reduced nutrient intake is a significant contributor to the reduction in growth performance in heat-stressed animals, perhaps because they consume less feed to reduce heat production. Hence, heat stress can be attenuated in poultry using several different strategies, each with varying degrees of effectiveness. Nanotechnology strategies have gained more attention and are found to reduce heat stress’s detrimental effects. Nanotechnology focuses on creating materials with nano-sized particles that have improved physical, chemical, and biological properties. Also, nanotechnology can be used in poultry production to improve the ability of birds to absorb nutrients and, in turn, increase growth performance, nutrient digestion, and productivity. Therefore, this review provides scientific evidence regarding the adverse effects of high ambient temperatures on poultry health and performance and potential nanoparticle approaches to mitigate those detrimental effects and their challenges.