2025 年 13 巻 4 号 p. 49-60
Pontederia crassipes, commonly known as water hyacinth, is among the world’s most damaging invasive aquatic plants, posing severe threats to freshwater ecosystems, biodiversity, and local economies. While a wide range of control strategies, including mechanical, chemical, biological, and integrated, have been implemented, their outcomes remain inconsistent and highly dependent on local contexts. This review synthesizes recent advances in managing Pontederia crassipes, with a focus on adaptive and ecosystem-based approaches. From over 900 peer-reviewed publications, 50 high-quality studies were systematically selected and analyzed to identify key trends, success factors, limitations, and future research directions. Biological control using Neochetina spp. and Megamelus scutellaris has demonstrated consistent effectiveness in tropical and subtropical environments. Meanwhile, integrated strategies combining multiple control methods have proven the most resilient and sustainable. New directions, such as using biomass for bioremediation, pollution control, and energy recovery, align well with global sustainability goals. However, significant challenges persist, including fragmented policy coordination, limited stakeholder participation, and the impacts of climate change. This review underscores the need for localized, evidence-based, and participatory frameworks to ensure the long-term success of Pontederia crassipes management. Future research should emphasize optimizing integrated methods, assessing socio-economic trade-offs, and scaling up sustainable biomass utilization.
